R is a programming language and software environment for statistical computing and graphics supported by the R Foundation for Statistical Computing. The R language is widely used among statisticians and data miners for developing statistical software and data analysis.

R is an implementation of the S programming language combined with lexical scoping semantics inspired by Scheme. S was created by John Chambers while at Bell Labs. There are some important differences, but much code written for S runs unaltered under R.

R was created by Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentleman at the University of Auckland, New Zealand, and is currently developed by the R Development Core Team.

R is freely available under the GNU General Public License, and pre-compiled binary versions are provided for various operating systems like Linux, Windows and Mac.

R is available as a package for many operating systems.

R is a command line-driven program. The basic data types in R are vectors, matrices, arrays, data frames, and lists.

Vectors are the simplest type of data structure in R. A vector is a one-dimensional array of data. Vectors can be created using the c() function.
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Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project.R & https://www.interviewbit.com/blog/r-projects/