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paint() is called by the JVM when the GUI needs to be drawn
repaint() asks the jvm to call the paint() method

the paint() method is normally called by the JVM following a request by calling the repaint() method.

The paint method needs to override the paint method in a component that has been added to the...

Here are 2 solutions:
1)use a separate actionlistener for each button
2)use one actionlistener for all buttons and use the getSource method to determine which button sent the action event

I'll leave this for a layout expert. I don't do much with layouts.

I can not test it without a main() method.

etc is a hard question to respond to.

What needs to be changed?

How do you test the code? There is no main() method so it can be executed.

can you explain what is wrong?

Can you post the code you are having problems with?

Define a panel, add the desired components to that panel and add that panel to the north.

To put components at specific positions, turn off the layout manager for the container the components are being added to by setting it to null and use the setBounds method.
That is often a bad idea...

What have you tried?

Do you have any specific questions?