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This is a good way to learn how stuff works. I've used it a lot myself.
Write lots of small test programs to see how stuff works.

The Scanner class has a family of methods that can be used to read different data types from a file.
Or if the records are read into Strings as the posted code does it,
the String can be passed to...

Yes, java does not have (yet) the magic macros that hide all the method calls with a few symbols like << or >>.
The method calls must be explicitly made in the code by the programmer.

Was anything written to the file? Writing an int value to a file does not write a String. An int takes 4 bytes and will have binary values that often are not readable in a text editor. You would...

You will have to write something into the file so there will be something to read.

The existence of a File object in a java program has nothing to do with the existence of a file on the disk.
The File class has methods that can be used to create a file.